Boiler Pressure Gauge

Each boiler shall have a pressure gage so located that it is easily readable. The pressure gage shall be installed so that it shall at all times indicate the pressure in the boiler. Each steam boiler shall have the pressure gage connected to the steam space or to the water column or its steam connection. A valve or cockshall be placed in the gage connection adjacent to the gage. An additional valve or cock may be located near the boiler providing it is locked or sealed in the open position. No other shutoff valves shall be located between the gage and the boiler. The pipe connection shall be of ample size and arranged so that it may be cleared by blowing out. For a steam boiler the gage or connection shall contain a syphon or equivalent device that will develop and maintain a water seal that will prevent steam from entering the gage tube. Pressure gage connections shall be suitable for the maximum allowable working pressure and temperature, but if the temperature exceeds 406°F (208°C), brass or copper pipe or tubing shall not be used. The connections to the boiler, except the syphon, if used, shall not be less than NPS 1⁄4 (DN 8) but where steel or wrought iron pipe or tubing is used, they shall not be less than 1⁄2 in. (13 mm) inside diameter. The minimum size of a syphon, if used, shall be 1⁄4 in. (6 mm) inside diameter. The dial of the pressure gage shall be graduated to approximately double the pressure at which the safety valve is set, but in no case to less than 11⁄2 times this pressure.

ASME Section I 2004 Edition

Boiler Water Level Indicator

All boilers having a fixed water level (steam and water interface) shall have at least one gage glass (a transparent device that permits visual determination of the water level). Boilers not having a fixed water level, such as forced-flow steam generators and high-temperature water boilers of the forced circulation type, are not required to have a gage glass. The lowest visible water level in a gage glass shall be at least 2 in. (50 mm) above the lowest permissible water level, as determined by the boiler Manufacturer. Electrode - type electric boilers are required to have only one gage glass, regardless of MAWP. Gage glasses having multiple tubular sections shall have a minimum of 1 in. (25 mm) overlap of the sections in which the water level may be visible. Segmented gage glasses, such as ported or end-connected strip gages, shall be equipped to provide obvious visual discrimination between water and vapor in the individual sections.

Boilers having a maximum allowable working pressure exceeding 400 psi (3 MPa) shall have two gage lasses. Instead of one of the two required gage glasses, two independent remote water level indicators (two discrete systems that continuously measure, transmit, and display water level) may be provided.

ASME Section I 2004 Edition.

Machinery Vibration

What makes your machinery vibrate ? Please check this out:
1. Imbalance
2. Misalignment
3. Mechanical Looseness
4. Bearing Defects
5. Gear Defects
6. Electrically Induced From Motors
7. Blade/Vane Pass Interference


The chart illustrates the ISO 10816 (1995) for vibration severity.

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