Boiler Pressure Gauge

Each boiler shall have a pressure gage so located that it is easily readable. The pressure gage shall be installed so that it shall at all times indicate the pressure in the boiler. Each steam boiler shall have the pressure gage connected to the steam space or to the water column or its steam connection. A valve or cockshall be placed in the gage connection adjacent to the gage. An additional valve or cock may be located near the boiler providing it is locked or sealed in the open position. No other shutoff valves shall be located between the gage and the boiler. The pipe connection shall be of ample size and arranged so that it may be cleared by blowing out. For a steam boiler the gage or connection shall contain a syphon or equivalent device that will develop and maintain a water seal that will prevent steam from entering the gage tube. Pressure gage connections shall be suitable for the maximum allowable working pressure and temperature, but if the temperature exceeds 406°F (208°C), brass or copper pipe or tubing shall not be used. The connections to the boiler, except the syphon, if used, shall not be less than NPS 1⁄4 (DN 8) but where steel or wrought iron pipe or tubing is used, they shall not be less than 1⁄2 in. (13 mm) inside diameter. The minimum size of a syphon, if used, shall be 1⁄4 in. (6 mm) inside diameter. The dial of the pressure gage shall be graduated to approximately double the pressure at which the safety valve is set, but in no case to less than 11⁄2 times this pressure.

ASME Section I 2004 Edition

Boiler Water Level Indicator

All boilers having a fixed water level (steam and water interface) shall have at least one gage glass (a transparent device that permits visual determination of the water level). Boilers not having a fixed water level, such as forced-flow steam generators and high-temperature water boilers of the forced circulation type, are not required to have a gage glass. The lowest visible water level in a gage glass shall be at least 2 in. (50 mm) above the lowest permissible water level, as determined by the boiler Manufacturer. Electrode - type electric boilers are required to have only one gage glass, regardless of MAWP. Gage glasses having multiple tubular sections shall have a minimum of 1 in. (25 mm) overlap of the sections in which the water level may be visible. Segmented gage glasses, such as ported or end-connected strip gages, shall be equipped to provide obvious visual discrimination between water and vapor in the individual sections.

Boilers having a maximum allowable working pressure exceeding 400 psi (3 MPa) shall have two gage lasses. Instead of one of the two required gage glasses, two independent remote water level indicators (two discrete systems that continuously measure, transmit, and display water level) may be provided.

ASME Section I 2004 Edition.

Machinery Vibration

What makes your machinery vibrate ? Please check this out:
1. Imbalance
2. Misalignment
3. Mechanical Looseness
4. Bearing Defects
5. Gear Defects
6. Electrically Induced From Motors
7. Blade/Vane Pass Interference


The chart illustrates the ISO 10816 (1995) for vibration severity.

Unit Conversion for Engineer

This is a best Unit Conversion for Engineer to help their works.
Just download the program here..

ISO Grade Oil Properties

Boiler - Case Study

Studi kasus Ref AS/07
Di Asia, demikian juga di belahan dunia lain, ketel uap digunakan hampir oleh semua industri baik untuk proses maupun sebagai pemanas. Pengoperasian ketel uap membutuhkan management perawatan yang sangat ketat pada air umpan dengan menggunakan kimia pelunak air dan kimia lain dengan biaya yang tidak sedikit.

Lokasi:
PT Cathay Murni Garment Factory, Indonesia, menggunakan boiler berusia 20 tahun yang terawat baik menggunakan kimia pelunak, anti karat dan oxygen scavenger. Boiler masih tetap harus dibersihkan setiap tahun sekali. Blowdown dilakukan 1 kali sehari selama 20 detik.

Hasil dengan Hydroflow

Pada tahun 1999, Hydroflow dipasang pada pipa air umpan. Bahan kimia 100% dihilangkan. Untuk 3 minggu pertama, frekwensi blowdown dilakukan setiap jam selama 10 detik untuk mengeluarkan larutan kapur yang terkikis. Setelah 3 minggu, TDS blowdown turun dari 3000 ppm menjadi 1500 ppm dan frekwensi blowdown dikembalikan kenormal. Dari pengamatan tagihan BBM, terlihat penghematan yang mencapai 30%. Pada saat boiler diinspeksi, tidak terlihat adanya pembentukan kerak baru dan pada dasar boiler dikeluarkan puluhan kilogram kerak yang terlepas.

Lokasi:
Felda Penggeli di Johor, Malaysia. Boiler Vickers Hoskins dengan tinggi setara empat lantai bertekanan 450 PSI dan kapasitas 45 ton. Walaupun telah menggunakan pelunak air, kerak masih terbentuk dalam ketel. Pihak management memutuskan menggunakan Hydroflow sebagai proteksi tambahan. 1 unit S120 dan 1 unit C100 dipasang pada tahun 2003. Blowdown otomatis untuk sementara diset pada interval 25 menit dengan durasi 20 detik.

Hasil

Setelah 9 bulan, boiler tersebut di inspeksi. Tidak ada kerak yang terbentuk. "

Source : http://www.hydroflow-indo.com/bahasa/case/studikasusrefas-07.php

ANSI 300

Many Engineer keep looking for ANSI Standart. Here, I would like to share ANSI300 dimension standard for all of you, who need this standard.